第一部分 铝的概述介绍

Part 1: Overview and Introduction of Aluminum

铝锭：

目前有人叫A00；其实是99.7%的铝。在伦敦市场叫“标准铝”。

铝还叫“杜拉铝”，由于铝较软，1906年，德国冶金学家维尔姆在铝中加入少量镁，铜制得了坚韧的铝合金，后来，这一专利让德国杜拉公司收买，所以叫杜拉铝 

Aluminum Ingot:

Currently, it is also called "A00 aluminum"; in fact, it refers to aluminum with a purity of 99.7%. It is known as "Standard Aluminum" in the London market.

Aluminum also has another name, "Duralumin". Since pure aluminum is relatively soft, in 1906, German metallurgist Alfred Wilm created a tough aluminum alloy by adding small amounts of magnesium and copper to aluminum. Later, this patent was acquired by the German company Dürener Metallwerke AG, hence the name "Duralumin".

铝AL：铝最重要的特性是质轻，室温20度左右比重2.7。温度700度比重是2.373。99.5铝含量比重是：2.71密度约为一般金属的1/3。常用铝导线的导电度约为铜的61%。铝的导热度为银的一半。纯铝很软，强度不大，但有良好的延展性，可以拉成细丝和轧制箔片，大量用于电线，电缆，包装业，他的导电率是铜的三分之二，密度为三分之一，所以，将等质量和等长度的铝线和铜线相比，铝的导电能力是铜的二倍，且价格低。因此，野外高压线多由铝做成，节约成本。

Aluminum (Al):

The most important characteristic of aluminum is its light weight. At room temperature (around 20°C), its specific gravity is 2.7; when the temperature reaches 700°C, the specific gravity is 2.373. Aluminum with a purity of 99.5% has a specific gravity of 2.71, and its density is approximately 1/3 that of most common metals.

The electrical conductivity of commonly used aluminum wires is about 61% of that of copper, while the thermal conductivity of aluminum is half that of silver. Pure aluminum is very soft and not very strong, but it has excellent ductility—it can be drawn into thin wires and rolled into foils, and is widely used in the wire, cable, and packaging industries.

Aluminum has 2/3 the electrical conductivity and 1/3 the density of copper. Therefore, when comparing aluminum wires and copper wires of the same mass and length, the electrical conductivity of aluminum is twice that of copper. Additionally, aluminum is cheaper. For these reasons, most overhead high-voltage power lines are made of aluminum to reduce costs.

铝的导热能力是比铁大3倍，工业上铝制各种热交换器，散热材料等，家庭使用的许多炊具也由铝制做成。与铁相比，他不易锈蚀，延长使用寿命。铝粉具有银白色的光泽，由于铝在氧化中燃烧可以发出耀眼的白光并释放出热，所以，常用来做爆炸混合物。

纯铝熔点摄氏660度。99.5熔点655度。铝的沸点2060度。

在冶金工业中，炼钢工业铝用作脱氧剂用，光洁的铝板有良好的反光性能，用来制造反光镜等

我们当今主要销售材质：1100.1050.1060.3003.5052.5754.5083.6061.7075.8011等牌号 

The thermal conductivity of aluminum is three times that of iron. Industrially, aluminum is used to make various heat exchangers, heat-dissipating materials, etc. Many cookware for household use is also made of aluminum. Compared with iron, it is not easy to rust, which extends its service life. Aluminum powder has a silvery-white luster. Since aluminum can burn in oxidation to emit a dazzling white light and release heat, it is often used to make explosive mixtures.

The melting point of pure aluminum is 660°C, while that of 99.5% pure aluminum is 655°C. The boiling point of aluminum is 2060°C.

In the metallurgical industry, aluminum is used as a deoxidizer in the steelmaking industry. Smooth aluminum plates have good light-reflecting performance and are used to make reflectors, etc.

The materials we mainly sell currently include the following grades: 1100, 1050, 1060, 3003, 5052, 5754, 5083, 6061, 7075, 8011, etc.

铝的特性 Properties of Aluminum ：

1：可机加工性：铝的可机加工性能优良，在变形铝合金和铸造铝合金中，产出后的各种状态中，机加工特性变化相当大。

Machinability: Aluminum has excellent machinability. However, among wrought aluminum alloys and cast aluminum alloys, the machinability varies considerably depending on the different states of the alloys after production.

2：可成型性：特定的抗拉强度，屈服强度，可延展性和相应的加工硬化率支配着允许变形量的变化。

Formability: Specific tensile strength, yield strength, ductility, and the corresponding work hardening rate govern the variation in allowable deformation.

3：可锻性：铝合金可以锻造成形状和品种繁多的锻件。链接铝可用各式各样的方法连接，包括焊接，电阻焊，硬焊，软焊，粘结及铆接和栓接之类的机械方法。

Forgeability: Aluminum alloys can be forged into forgings of diverse shapes and types. Aluminum can be joined using a variety of methods, including welding, resistance welding, brazing, soldering, bonding, and mechanical methods such as riveting and bolting.

4：可回收性：铝有极高的回收性，再生铝的特性和原生铝几乎没有区别。

Recyclability: Aluminum has extremely high recyclability, and there is almost no difference between the properties of recycled aluminum and primary aluminum.

名词 Nouns:

铝板：是指用纯铝或铝合金材料通过压力加工制成剪切或锯切)的获得横断面为矩形,厚度均匀的矩形材。

Aluminum Plate:

Refers to a rectangular material with a rectangular cross-section and uniform thickness, which is made from pure aluminum or aluminum alloy materials through pressure processing (and then obtained by shearing or sawing).

板材：

横断面呈矩形，厚度均匀并大于0.2毫米的轧制产品。通常边部经过剪切或锯切，并以平直状外形交货。厚度不超过宽度的1/10。

Plate:

A rolled product with a rectangular cross-section, uniform thickness (greater than 0.2 mm), and edges usually finished by shearing or sawing. It is typically delivered in a flat form, with a thickness not exceeding 1/10 of its width.

带材：

横断面呈矩形，厚度均匀并大于0.2毫米的轧制产品。通常边部经过纵切，并成卷交货。厚度不超过宽度的1/10。

国际上习惯把厚度在0.2-500mm,宽度200mm以上,长度16m以内的铝材料称之为铝板材或者铝片材,0.2mm以下为铝箔材,200mm宽度以内为排材或者条材

(当然随着大设备的进步,最宽可做到600mm的排材也比较多)

Strip:

A rolled product with a rectangular cross-section, uniform thickness (greater than 0.2 mm), and edges usually finished by slitting. It is typically delivered in coil form, with a thickness not exceeding 1/10 of its width.

Internationally, it is customary to classify aluminum materials as follows:

Aluminum plates or aluminum sheets: Those with a thickness of 0.2–500 mm, a width of over 200 mm, and a length of within 16 m;

Aluminum foils: Those with a thickness of less than 0.2 mm;

Aluminum strips or aluminum bars: Those with a width of within 200 mm.

(Of course, with the advancement of large-scale equipment, aluminum strips with a maximum width of 600 mm are now quite common.)

拉丝铝板：反复用砂纸将铝板刮出线条的制造过程，其工艺主要流程分为脱酯、沙磨机、水洗3个部分。在铝板拉丝制程中，阳极处理之后的特殊的皮膜技术，可以使铝板表面生成一种含有该金属成分的皮膜层，清晰显现每一根细微丝痕，从而使金属哑光中泛出细密的发丝光泽。

Brushed Aluminum Plate:

It refers to the manufacturing process of scraping lines on an aluminum plate repeatedly with sandpaper. Its process mainly consists of three parts: degreasing, sanding, and water rinsing. During the brushing process of the aluminum plate, the special film technology applied after anodization enables a film layer containing the metal component to form on the aluminum plate surface. This film layer clearly reveals every fine scratch, allowing the metal to exhibit a delicate hairline luster beneath its matte finish.

氧化铝板：将铝板置于相应电解液(如硫酸、铬酸、草酸等)中作为阳极，在特定条件和外加电流作用下，进行电解而形成的铝板。阳极的铝板氧化，表面上形成氧化铝薄层，其厚度为5～20微米 ，硬质阳极氧化膜可达60～200微米 。

Anodized Aluminum Plate:

It refers to an aluminum plate formed by electrolysis under specific conditions and the action of an external current, where the aluminum plate is placed as an anode in a corresponding electrolyte (such as sulfuric acid, chromic acid, oxalic acid, etc.). The anodic aluminum plate undergoes oxidation, and a thin aluminum oxide layer is formed on its surface, with a thickness of 5–20 micrometers; the thickness of a hard anodic oxide film can reach 60–200 micrometers.

PS铝板（广告铝板又名印刷锌板、报纸板）：即背面有印刷图案厚度为025或03料的铝板。

PS Aluminum Plate (Also Known as Advertising Aluminum Plate, Printing Zinc Plate, or Newspaper Plate): Refers to an aluminum plate with a printed pattern on its back, available in thicknesses of 0.25 mm or 0.3 mm (the "025" and "03" here denote thickness specifications).

镜面铝板：指通过轧延、打磨等多种方法处理，使板材表面呈现镜面效果的铝板。

Mirror Aluminum Plate: Refers to an aluminum plate whose surface is processed to achieve a mirror effect through various methods such as rolling and polishing.

压花铝板又可以称为铝压花板：属于在铝板的基础上，经过压延加工而在表面形成各种花纹的铝产品，应用较为广泛，主要用在包装，建筑，幕墙等方面。

Embossed Aluminum Plate (Also Referred to as Aluminum Embossed Plate):

It is an aluminum product that is based on an aluminum plate and undergoes calendering processing to form various patterns on its surface. It has a wide range of applications, mainly used in packaging, construction, curtain walls, and other fields.

尺寸允许偏差：分高精级和普通级。

Dimensional Tolerance: Divided into high-precision grade and standard grade.

板，带材的尺寸偏差应符合GB/T3880.3的规定。需要某个尺寸偏差采用高精级时，应在合同中注明，未标注的按普通级别供货。

The dimensional tolerances for plates and strips shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 3880.3. If high-precision grade is required for a specific dimensional tolerance, it shall be clearly specified in the contract; if not specified, the products shall be supplied in standard grade.